hayden



(No Model.)

H. F. HAYDEN APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND UTILIZING VAPOR 0R GAS.

' PatentedMgii, 1883.

D l f QOMU fjwenior:

Pfiinesses:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BERRY F. HAYDEN, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND UTILIZING VAPOR R GAS SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 274,595, dated March 27, 1883.

Application filed January 26, 1883. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, H. F. HAYDEN, of Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain lmprovements in Apparatus for Generating Gas or Vapor from Hydrocarbon and Utilizing the Same, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to furnaces for the generation and utilization of hydrocarbon vapors and the invention consists in a novel combination and arrangement of the several devices or parts, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

The object of my present invention is to provide means for generating vapor or gas from liquid hydrocarbons and steam and utilizing the same as fuel for heating furnaces and simi lar purposes in an economical manner ,and to that end I make use of a generator of novel construction, for a more full description of which reference is made to another application filed by me on the 15th day of February, 1883. In. the figure I have shown what I consider as the best and most economical plan of applying my invention to a furnace for treating metals.

In this, G represents the generator or retort for producing the vapor or gas, this generator being located in the uptake or chimney at the point where the return-flue P from the main furnace M enters the uptake or vertical chimney. Underneath the generator is located an auxiliary furnace, A, in the walls of which is arranged a coil of pipe to form a snperheater,

5 D, which is connected by a pipe, D, with the top of the generator, as shown, or in any similar manner, the object of which will be hereinafter more fully explained.

M represents a furnace for the treatment of iron or other metallic substances, and which, for convenience, I denominate the main furnace. From the rear end of this furnace M the flue P inclines downward, and then rises vertically and returns horizontally over the top of the furnace, entering the uptake or shaft at the point where the generator G is located, as shown clearly in Fig. 1. In the walls surrounding the vertical portion of the flue P, in rear of the main furnace, I locate another superheater, R, which is connected by a pipe, V, with a steam-boiler, N, set over the returnflue P, as shown, another pipe, R, serving to have not shown.

.generator.

convey the steam from this superheater R to the generator.

An air-tube or large pipe, L, enters the returnflue P from the outside, andis arranged to pass back and forth transversely across said flue, terminating, as shown, in a mixing-chamber, W, located in front of the throatof the main furnaoe M, the object of this arrangement being to heat the air supplied through the tube L to a higher degree than usual before it is mixed with the vapor which is supplied from the genorator. The air will be forced through the tube L by a blower or any appliance suitable for the purpose, and which, being common, I The liquid hydrocarbon, which may consist of crude petroleum, is fed through a pipe, E, into the pipe R, which conveys the superheated steam from the boiler N to the generator, the connection of these pipes E and B being made at any point between the snperheater and the generator, but preferably as far from the generator as possible, so that the steam may act as much as possible upon the oil to vaporize it before reaching the ionic; or, if preferred, an injector may be used forthe purpose, these various-plans all being well known, and therefore not necessary to describe. The vapor or gas from the generator is conveyed, as usual, by a pipe to the burner T, which is located at the throat of the furnace M, as shown in Fig. 1, the hot-air blast from tube L mingling with the vapor or gas as they enter the throat of the furnace; and in order to more thoroughly mix and intermingle the same, I arrange in the throat of the furnace a series of small columns, a, of fire-brick or similar material set in a zigzag form, against which the mingled hot air and vapor or gas impinge as they enter the mouth of the furnace in the form of a flame.

The operation of the apparatus when thus arranged is as follows: A fire is first started in the auxiliary furnace A, when steam is fornished, through pipe 0, from a boiler (not shown) to the su'perheater D, and as soonv as the generator has become sufliciently heated the superheated steam and oil are fed into the generator. As soon as this has continued long enough to produce an inflammable vapor or gas the latter is ignited as it issues from the The oil may be fed in by a forcepump or by gravity, as may be most convenburner T and soon heats up the furnace M. When the heat has become sufticient to generate steam in the boiler N and superheat it in the superheater R, the steam is shut off from the superheaterD, and thatfrom the other superheater R is let on instead, the fire in the auxiliary furnace A being hauled or allowed to die out. In the meantime, the air-blast having been started, the air, passing through tube L, will be delivered into the mixing-chamber W, heated to a high degree, and will there be mingled with the vapor or gas as the latter issues from the burner, when the whole will pass into and through the furnace M in the form of an intense white tlame. By this arrangement it will be seen that the generator, the boiler, the superheater, and the air-blast are all heated by the heat after it has passed through the furnace M, thus utilizing the heat to the fullest possible extent and producing a most economical arrangement. In order to produce the best results it is desirable that the superheated steam and the air should be heated to as high a degree as possible by the escaping heat, the superheated steam being raised to a temperature of 800 to 1200 and the air from 400 to 800. So, too, the hotter the generator is kept the better, as the more the vapor will partake of the nature of a fixed gas..

. From the foregoing description'and illustration engineers and others skilled in such matters will readily see how to apply my invention to any and all styles of furnaces. So,'too,

it is obvious that the form or construction of my invention, \vhat furnaee, M, provided with a superheater, R, a

steam-boiler, N, an air-tube, L, and generator G, said air-tube, boiler, and generator being arranged to be heated by the heat escaping from the main furnace, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

. HENRY F. HAYDEN.

Witnesses H. B. ZEVELY,

CHAS. E. SHOBER. 

